Housing Choice Vouchers and Upward Mobility
The Housing Choice Voucher program is a federally funded, locally administered rental assistance program that assists low-income families, the elderly and the disabled to obtain housing in the private market. The program falls under the purview of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). With over two million households in the program, it is the largest housing subsidy.
A recent study found that children of participants in the Housing Choice Voucher program live near schools with lower test scores than the schools near children in low-income households generally and schools near children in all other types of assisted housing except for public housing.
In a related crime study, researchers found that voucher recipients live in safer neighborhoods than other poor households and in safer neighborhoods than recipients of other programs. However, Housing Choice Voucher participants are as vulnerable as other poor renters when it comes to exposure to violent crime.
In summary, the research shows that voucher program participants are not using their vouchers to move to “better” neighborhoods, as defined by school quality and crime level.
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Ingrid Gould Ellen and Jessica Yager of NYU Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy note that HUD is experimenting with several initiatives to expand mobility for voucher program participants. These initiatives include:
- Making it easier for participants to move between the public housing authorities (PHAs) that administer the program;
- The implementation of a Small Areas Fair Market Rent (FMR) Project that establishes separate FMRs for individual zip-codes, thus giving voucher participants housing options in every zip code within a metropolitan area and potentially increasing the variety of neighborhoods that they can live in;
- HUD’s recent partnership with GreatSchools will provide information about local educational options to PHAs. This information may be (but is not required to be) shared with voucher participants.
Last Updated on December 19, 2012 by Ramin Seddiq